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 Circle Packing: A Mathematical Tale
mathematics. Let me speak in the context of CirclePack, a graph- ically based software package for creating, manip- ulating, storing, and displaying packings interac- tively on the computer screen. CirclePack handles arbitrary triangulated surfaces, simply or multiply connected, with or witho...
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mathematics. Let me speak in the context of CirclePack, a graph- ically based software package for creating, manip- ulating, storing, and displaying packings interac- tively on the computer screen. CirclePack handles arbitrary triangulated surfaces, simply or multiply connected, with or without boundary, in any of the three geometries. Packings range from 4 to 1,600,000 circles (the current record in one of Bill Floyd’s tilings); those up to roughly 10,000 circles now qualify as “routine”, since packing times of a
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http://www.math.utk.edu/%7Ekens/Notices_article.pdf#page=8
www.math.utk.edu/%7Ekens/Notices_article.pdf#page=8
mathematics. Let me speak in the context of CirclePack, a graph- ically <span class="highlight">based</span> software package for creating, manip- ulating, storing, and displaying packings interac- tively on the computer screen. CirclePack handles arbitrary triangulated surfaces, simply or multiply connected, with or without boundary, in any of the three geometries. Packings range <span class="highlight">from</span> 4 to 1,600,000 circles (the current record in one of Bill Floyd’s tilings); those up to roughly 10,000 circles now qualify as “routine”, since packing times of a
Quantum Field Theories -- Quantum Topology
manifold in the form of an antilinear-bilinear form; the complete Dirac bracket, < 0 | 0 > Quantum space provides a consistent mathematical scheme to incorporate both theory of relativity represented by a space-time manifold and quantum mechanics represented by a quantum dynami...
Island Biogeography and Evolution: Solving a Phylogenetic Puzzle
populations on that island might have some genetic differences. Also, he wondered if Tenerife was supplying colonizing lizards from two different directions. The results for Thorpe’s tests appear on the last two pages of this investigation. Return to top Your task is to count the dif...
Exposure to violent video games increases automatic aggressiveness by
‘‘Peaceful’’ or ‘‘Self’’ and ‘‘k’’ for words representative of either ‘‘Aggressive’’ or ‘‘Self’’. These pairings were the same for the seventh, critical IAT block. The criti...
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‘‘Peaceful’’ or ‘‘Self’’ and ‘‘k’’ for words representative of either ‘‘Aggressive’’ or ‘‘Self’’. These pairings were the same for the seventh, critical IAT block. The critical IAT blocks consisted of 32 trials and the practice blocks of 20 trials. Feeling thermometers Participants completed two feeling thermometer measures. On the first, they rated themselves on a scale from 0 (not at all aggressive) to 100 (extremely aggressive). On the second, they rated ‘‘other people’’ on the same scale. ARTICLE IN PRESS E
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http://www.lionlamb.org/research_articles/study%203.pdf#page=4
www.lionlamb.org/research_articles/study%203.pdf#page=4
‘‘Peaceful’’ or ‘‘Self’’ and ‘‘k’’ for words representative of either ‘‘Aggressive’’ or ‘‘Self’’. These <span class="highlight">pairings</span> were the same for the seventh, critical IAT block. The critical IAT blocks consisted of 32 trials and the practice blocks of 20 trials. Feeling thermometers Participants completed two feeling thermometer measures. On the first, they rated themselves on a scale <span class="highlight">from</span> 0 (not at all aggressive) to 100 (extremely aggressive). On the second, they rated ‘‘other people’’ on the same scale. ARTICLE IN PRESS E
Imaginary Numbers are not Real - the Geometric Alg
geometric algebra, concentrating on its physical applications. We show how the definition of a `geometric product' of vectors in 2- and 3-dimensional space provides precise geometrical interpretations of the imaginary numbers often used in conventional methods. Reflections and rotations are analys...
Matisse's Glossary of Internet Terms
and collectively. See also: MOO MUSE -- (Multi-User Simulated Environment) One kind of MUD - usually with little or no violence. See also: MUD Back to Index Netiquette The etiquette on the Internet. Netizen Derived from the term citizen, referring to a citizen of the Intern...
Toward a New Pluralism in ABE/ESOL Classrooms: Chapter 4
NCSALL Reports #19 August 2001 BHCC Site 104 Premise 3: Students’ understanding of the nature of knowledge does and should change as they become more sophisticated in their habits of mind. The change should be directed toward greater recognition of the constructed nature of knowledge...
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NCSALL Reports #19 August 2001 BHCC Site 104 Premise 3: Students’ understanding of the nature of knowledge does and should change as they become more sophisticated in their habits of mind. The change should be directed toward greater recognition of the constructed nature of knowledge and away from naïve conceptions of knowledge as received or instantiated. Students should increase their ability to consider and deliberate
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http://www.ncsall.net/fileadmin/resources/research/19_c4.pdf#page=28
www.ncsall.net/fileadmin/resources/research/19_c4.pdf#page=28
NCSALL Reports #19 August 2001 BHCC Site 104 Premise 3: Students’ understanding of the nature of knowledge does and should change as they become more sophisticated in their habits of mind. The change should be <span class="highlight">directed</span> toward greater recognition of the constructed nature of knowledge and away <span class="highlight">from</span> naïve conceptions of knowledge as received or instantiated. Students should increase their ability to consider and deliberate
Scholastic: Signature History
PRINT EMAIL OBJECTIVE Language Arts Goal: To read and analyze historical documents Social Studies Goal: To identify and effectively use primary and secondary sources MATERIALS Pen and paper; Signature History Student Reproducible 3 (PDF) REPRODUCIBLES Signature History Student...
Debating Targeting Methods for Cash Transfers: A Multidimensional Index vs. an Income Prox...
Targeting Performance by Target Group 0 10 20 30 40 50 In de x 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 alpha Extreme Poverty 0 10 20 30 40 50 In de x 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 alpha ICV40 ICV25 Proxy Means ICV - Proxy Means Poverty Note: alpha = under-coverage weight. Source: Own calculat...
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Targeting Performance by Target Group 0 10 20 30 40 50 In de x 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 alpha Extreme Poverty 0 10 20 30 40 50 In de x 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 alpha ICV40 ICV25 Proxy Means ICV - Proxy Means Poverty Note: alpha = under-coverage weight. Source: Own calculations based on EPH 2005. 7 CONCLUSION Tekoporã, Paraguay’s CCT programme, is currently being scaled up and its targeting mechanism re-evaluated. However, the simulations presented in this Evaluation Note suggest that changing
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=1
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=1
Changing <span class="highlight">from</span> the Quality of Life Index to a <span class="highlight">proxy</span>- means test for income is not likely to imply any gains in either efficiency or efficacy." Debating Targeting Methods for Cash Transfers: A Multidimensional Index vs. an Income <span class="highlight">Proxy</span> for Paraguay’s Tekoporã Programme Rafael Perez Ribas Guilherme Issamu Hirata Fábio Veras Soares International Poverty Centre IPCevaluationnote International Poverty Centre Family in Santa Rosa del Aguaray, Paraguay. Photo by Fábio Veras Soares (IPC). Number 2 January, 2008
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=5
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=5
the threshold of ICV to 40. This multidimensional framework was inspired by the Colombian experience with targeting social policies and was proposed by the consultants responsible for designing the best way for the Paraguay programme to distinguish poor households <span class="highlight">from</span> non-poor households. The choice of the ICV was motivated, in part, by the assumption that the income information available in household surveys—upon which a <span class="highlight">proxy</span>-means test would be <span class="highlight">based</span>—does not adequately capture the permanent income
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=11
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=11
there is no difference among the three targeting mechanisms in relation to the leakage rate since all curves overlap. FIGURE 2 Leakage as a Function of Coverage by Targeting Mechanism IC V 40 IC V 25 P M IC V -P M 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 Le ak ag e 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 Coverage Extreme Poverty IC V 40 IC V 25 P M IC V -P M 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 Le ak ag e 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 Coverage ICV <span class="highlight">Proxy</span> Means ICV - <span class="highlight">Proxy</span> Means Poverty Note: bandwidth = 0.2. Souce: Own calculations <span class="highlight">based</span>
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=13
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=13
Targeting Performance by Target Group 0 10 20 30 40 50 In de x 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 alpha Extreme Poverty 0 10 20 30 40 50 In de x 0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 alpha ICV40 ICV25 <span class="highlight">Proxy</span> Means ICV - <span class="highlight">Proxy</span> Means Poverty Note: alpha = under-coverage weight. Source: Own calculations <span class="highlight">based</span> on EPH 2005. 7 CONCLUSION Tekoporã, Paraguay’s CCT programme, is currently being scaled up and its targeting mechanism re-evaluated. However, the simulations presented in this Evaluation Note suggest that changing
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=15
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCEvaluationNote2.pdf#page=15
actually not poor. This is why the <span class="highlight">proxy</span> means curve (the figure on the left) does not start <span class="highlight">from</span> the origin. 7. We do not consider administrative costs in these statistics. These estimates are <span class="highlight">based</span> on the value of the transfers that should go to each target group. However, the different targeting options would imply similar administrative costs.
Monetary Policy and Financial Sector Reform for Employment Creation and Poverty Reduction ...
creation. Asset-based reserve requirements differ from other instruments, such as prescribed assets, w hich are sometimes used for the allocation of financial resources. A prescribed asset policy represents a type of financial quota. Under such policies, a certain fraction of a bank&r...
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creation. Asset-based reserve requirements differ from other instruments, such as prescribed assets, w hich are sometimes used for the allocation of financial resources. A prescribed asset policy represents a type of financial quota. Under such policies, a certain fraction of a bank’s
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCCountryStudy2.pdf#page=32
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCCountryStudy2.pdf#page=32
creation. Asset-<span class="highlight">based</span> reserve requirements differ <span class="highlight">from</span> other instruments, such as prescribed assets, w hich are sometimes used for the allocation of financial resources. A prescribed asset policy represents a type of financial quota. Under such policies, a certain fraction of a bank’s
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