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 Ageing and poverty in africa and the role of social pensions
proportion of children in poverty, alongside the average for the whole population, and the proportion of elderly in poverty. The incidence of poverty among the elderly and among the children is about the same in...
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proportion of children in poverty, alongside the average for the whole population, and the proportion of elderly in poverty. The incidence of poverty among the elderly and among the children is about the same in most countries; the incidence of poverty among the elderly is more than 5 percentage points higher than that of children in Cote d’Ivore, Malawi and Zambia. On the other hand, the incidence of
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCWorkingPaper8.pdf#page=13
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCWorkingPaper8.pdf#page=13
is exacerbated when they become caregivers <span class="highlight">for</span> children. <span class="highlight">In</span> Malawi, Uganda and Zambia, households <span class="highlight">in</span> which <span class="highlight">the</span> <span class="highlight">elderly</span> are living with children is 20 percentage points higher than <span class="highlight">the</span> average and statistically significant. Question (c) is addressed <span class="highlight">in</span> Figure 4. <span class="highlight">In</span> 12 out of 15 countries <span class="highlight">the</span> incidence of poverty <span class="highlight">in</span> households headed by <span class="highlight">the</span> <span class="highlight">elderly</span> is higher than <span class="highlight">the</span> average; <span class="highlight">the</span> differences are statistically significant <span class="highlight">in</span> 11 countries. An interesting finding is that <span class="highlight">the</span> “<span class="highlight">elderly</span> living alone
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCWorkingPaper8.pdf#page=14
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCWorkingPaper8.pdf#page=14
proportion of children <span class="highlight">in</span> poverty, alongside <span class="highlight">the</span> average <span class="highlight">for</span> <span class="highlight">the</span> whole population, and <span class="highlight">the</span> proportion of <span class="highlight">elderly</span> <span class="highlight">in</span> poverty. <span class="highlight">The</span> incidence of poverty among <span class="highlight">the</span> <span class="highlight">elderly</span> and among <span class="highlight">the</span> children is about <span class="highlight">the</span> same <span class="highlight">in</span> most countries; <span class="highlight">the</span> incidence of poverty among <span class="highlight">the</span> <span class="highlight">elderly</span> is more than 5 percentage points higher than that of children <span class="highlight">in</span> Cote d’Ivore, Malawi and Zambia. On <span class="highlight">the</span> other hand, <span class="highlight">the</span> incidence of
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCWorkingPaper8.pdf#page=26
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCWorkingPaper8.pdf#page=26
Mozambique 2.92 1.75 1.93 1.15 Malawi 3.13 2.18 2.24 1.55 Nigeria 1.68 0.99 1.00 0.55 Uganda 1.86 1.27 0.97 0.69 Zambia 1.68 1.06 1.33 0.84 One way to make <span class="highlight">the</span> social pension affordable is to lower <span class="highlight">the</span> benefit level, means-tested (restricted to <span class="highlight">the</span> poor <span class="highlight">elderly</span>), and eligibility restricted to 65+. If one were to fix <span class="highlight">the</span> benefit level at 35% poverty threshold, <span class="highlight">the</span> budgetary cost would be exactly equal to one half of <span class="highlight">the</span> reported results. <span class="highlight">For</span> example, <span class="highlight">in</span> Zambia, with a benefit level of one-third of <span class="highlight">the</span>
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