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 The Fiscal Implications of Scaling up ODA to Deal with the HIV/AIDS Pandemic
is needed for sub-Saharan Africa (U N AID S, 2006, p. 229). D espite the rapid rise in com m itm ents and disbursem ents in recent years, these funding requirem ents are still considerably larger than the present level of com m itm ents, estim ated to be U S$8.9 billion in 2006 and U S...
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is needed for sub-Saharan Africa (U N AID S, 2006, p. 229). D espite the rapid rise in com m itm ents and disbursem ents in recent years, these funding requirem ents are still considerably larger than the present level of com m itm ents, estim ated to be U S$8.9 billion in 2006 and U S$ 10 billion in 2007 (U N AID S, 2006, p. 224). H ow ever, Lew is (2005, Figure 2, p.7)) provides evidence of recent, sharp increases in com m itm ents and disbursem ents to sub-Saharan African countries w ith the highest
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCConferencePaper3.pdf#page=3
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCConferencePaper3.pdf#page=3
aid <span class="highlight">com</span> m itm ents and disbursem ents, w ith prom ises of further large increases in the near future. This aid is urgently required to address the em erging hum anitarian crisis and im plies im m ediate, large-scale increases in public expenditure. The central question that this paper exam ines is w hether such increases can effectively address the epidem ic w ithout inducing m acroeconom ic disturbances, especially for those countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, w here there is already high
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCConferencePaper3.pdf#page=9
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCConferencePaper3.pdf#page=9
is needed for sub-Saharan Africa (U N AID S, 2006, p. 229). D espite the rapid rise in <span class="highlight">com</span> m itm ents and disbursem ents in recent years, these funding requirem ents are still considerably larger than the present level of <span class="highlight">com</span> m itm ents, estim ated to be U S$8.9 billion in 2006 and U S$ 10 billion in 2007 (U N AID S, 2006, p. 224). H ow ever, Lew is (2005, Figure 2, p.7)) provides evidence of recent, sharp increases in <span class="highlight">com</span> m itm ents and disbursem ents to sub-Saharan African countries w ith the highest
Can Privatisation and Commercialisation of Public Services Help Achieve The MDGs? An Asses...
South Asia 51 14.98 Sub-Saharan Africa 38 7.64 Total 748 100.00 Adapted from Izaguirre (2005). M oreover, m uch of the investm ent that is privately financed com es from taxpayers or end users. As discussed earlier, infrastructure projects are underwritten by a governm ent com m itm...
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South Asia 51 14.98 Sub-Saharan Africa 38 7.64 Total 748 100.00 Adapted from Izaguirre (2005). M oreover, m uch of the investm ent that is privately financed com es from taxpayers or end users. As discussed earlier, infrastructure projects are underwritten by a governm ent com m itm ent to pay for a fixed output at a price agreed on in foreign exchange. W here construction is carried out by the private sector, the governm ent still has to pay – although paym ent m ight be deferred or fall under an
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http://www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCWorkingPaper22.pdf#page=28
www.undp-povertycentre.org/pub/IPCWorkingPaper22.pdf#page=28
South Asia 51 14.98 Sub-Saharan Africa 38 7.64 Total 748 100.00 Adapted from Izaguirre (2005). M oreover, m uch of the investm ent that is privately financed <span class="highlight">com</span> es from taxpayers or end users. As discussed earlier, infrastructure projects are underwritten by a governm ent <span class="highlight">com</span> m itm ent to pay for a fixed output at a price agreed on in foreign exchange. W here construction is carried out by the private sector, the governm ent still has to pay – although paym ent m ight be deferred or fall under an
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