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 Smithsonian: Building Up, Breaking Down
NATURAL MATERIALS WATER AGGREGATE SAND CLAY LIME Ceramic Tile Glass Brick Asphalt Plaster Concrete Mortar REFINED CRUDE OIL (silica sand) 7 BUILDING MATERIAL FACTS This material is ___ Shows weathering Yes No (circle one) Made with natural materials Yes No (circle one) Contains or once...
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NATURAL MATERIALS WATER AGGREGATE SAND CLAY LIME Ceramic Tile Glass Brick Asphalt Plaster Concrete Mortar REFINED CRUDE OIL (silica sand) 7 BUILDING MATERIAL FACTS This material is ___ Shows weathering Yes No (circle one) Made with natural materials Yes No (circle one) Contains or once contained: (check box) ❑ sand ❑ refined crude oil ❑ clay ❑ quarried rock ❑ lime ❑ ore minerals ❑ water ❑ aggregate
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http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=3
www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=3
prevents deterioration. BUILDING MATERIALS Aggregate is crushed stone, <span class="highlight">sand</span>, and gravel (small, naturally loose pieces of rock). Asphalt is a mixture of <span class="highlight">sand</span> and a liquid product refined from crude oil, combined with aggregate. Brick is a baked mixture of <span class="highlight">sand</span>, clay, and water. Cement is a fine, gray powder that is made by firing clay and limestone in a kiln. Ceramic tiles are made by firing a mixture of clay, chemicals, and water. Concrete is a mixture of cement, aggregate, <span class="highlight">sand</span>, and water. Dimension stones
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http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=4
www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=4
further fracturing. Some chemical weathering is a consequence of acids produced by living things growing on the rock. The deterioration of structures such as bridges and statues has increased dramatically in the last few decades, how- ever, because of chemical changes that produce acid rain. Pollution from automobiles and industrial plants adds sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and other gasses to the natural carbon dioxide in the air. 4 <span class="highlight">Sand</span> is used in glass, concrete, asphalt, bricks, and the mortar that holds
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http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=7
www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=7
NATURAL MATERIALS WATER AGGREGATE <span class="highlight">SAND</span> CLAY LIME Ceramic Tile Glass Brick Asphalt Plaster Concrete Mortar REFINED CRUDE OIL (silica <span class="highlight">sand</span>) 7 BUILDING MATERIAL FACTS This material is ___ Shows weathering Yes No (circle one) Made with natural materials Yes No (circle one) Contains or once contained: (check box) ❑ <span class="highlight">sand</span> ❑ refined crude oil ❑ clay ❑ quarried rock ❑ lime ❑ ore minerals ❑ water ❑ aggregate
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http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=8
www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=8
8asphalt transparent ceramic tiles holds bricks together metal water + clay + chemicals baked mixture of water, clay and <span class="highlight">sand</span> dimension stone plastermanufactured stone melted silica <span class="highlight">sand</span> + chemicals solid rock from a quarry FREE brickconcrete clay-rich square plates contains cement powder manufactured stone contains refined crude oil spread on walls brick made from mined ore minerals mortar concreteglass
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http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=10
www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/building.pdf#page=10
This close-up view of the base of a marker shows flaking and chipping caused by physical weathering. 10 This sandstone tablet is disappearing because of chemical weathering.The mineral calcite, which holds the quartz <span class="highlight">sand</span> grains together, dissolves away. The loosened <span class="highlight">sand</span> accumulates at the marker’s base. If acidic precipitation continues to damage the stone, only a pile of loose red <span class="highlight">sand</span> will remain. Leanne Wiberg Leanne Wiberg
Smithsonian: Willem Boshoff installing "Sand."
Writing in the Sand Writing in the Sand, 2001 Sand Collection of the artist Click above to play video. This video shows artist Willem Boshoff installing his work "Writing in the Sand" at the National Museum of African Art for the Textures exhibition. He...
Smithsonian: Dream Worlds
Tibetan Healing Mandala This special event took place at the Sackler gallery January 11 through January 27, and is no longer on view. Time-lapse photos Image Gallery In response to the September 11 tragedies, twenty Buddhist monks from the Drepung Loseling Monastery constructed a sand m...
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